In every age, people have always wondered how this seamless universe originated
where it leads to, how the laws maintaining its order and balance work.
For centuries, scientists and thinkers have made numerous researches on this issue and produced quite a few theories.
The prevailing thought in the 19th century was that the universe was a collection of matter infinite in size, that existed since eternity and that would continue to exist forever.
Laying the groundwork for the materialist philosophy, this view denied the existence of a Creator while it maintained that the universe had neither a beginning nor an end.
Materialism is a system of thought that holds matter to be the only absolute being and denies the existence of anything but matter.
Having its roots in ancient Greece and gaining an ever-increasing acceptance in the 19th century,
this system of thought became famous in the shape of the dialectical materialism of Karl Marx.
The materialists considered the infinite universe model to be the most important mainstay of their atheist philosophies.
For instance, in his book Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, the materialist philosopher George Politzer claimed that “the universe was not a created object” and added
“If it were created, it would have to be created by God instantaneously and from nothingness”.
When Politzer alleged that the universe was not created out of nothingness, he was relying on the static universe model of the 19th century, and thinking that he was posing a scientific claim.
However, science and technology that developed in the 20th century ultimately pulled down this primitive idea called materialism.
It was found that the universe is not constant as the materialists supposed, and just to the contrary, it keeps expanding.
Besides, it was proven with many observations and calculations that the universe had a beginning and that it was created out of nothing with a big explosion.
In 1929, in the California Mount Wilson observatory, an American astronomer by the name of Edwin Hubble made one of the greatest discoveries in the history of astronomy.
While he observed the stars with a giant telescope, he found out that they emitted a reddish light depending on their distance.
This meant that the stars were “moving away” from us.
Because, according to the recognized rules of physics, the spectra of light beams travelling towards the point of observation tend towards violet, while the spectra of light beams moving away from the point of observation tend towards red.
During Hubble’s observations, the light from stars was discovered to tend towards red.
This meant that they were constantly moving away from us.
Before long, Hubble made another very important discovery: Stars and galaxies moved away not only from us, but also from one another.
The only conclusion that could be derived from a universe where everything moves away from everything else is that the universe constantly “expands”.
In fact, this had been theoretically discovered even earlier Albert Einstein, who is considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century, had concluded after the calculations he made in theoretical physics that the universe could not be static.
However, he had laid his discovery to rest, simply not to conflict with the widely recognized static universe model of his time.
Later on, Einstein was to identify his act as ‘the greatest mistake of his career’.
What did the expansion of the universe imply?
The expansion of the universe implied that if it could travel backwards in time, the universe would prove to have originated from a single point.
The calculations showed that this ‘single point’ that harbored all the matter of the universe should have ‘zero volume’ and ‘infinite density’.
The universe had come about by the explosion of this single point with zero volume.
This great explosion that marked the beginning of the universe was named the ‘Big Bang’ and the theory started to be so called.
It has to be stated that ‘zero volume’ is a theoretical expression used for descriptive purposes.
Science can define the concept of ‘nothingness’, which is beyond the limits of human comprehension, only by expressing it as ‘a point with zero volume’.
In truth, ‘a point with no volume’ means ‘nothingness’.
Thus the universe has come into being from nothingness. In other words, it was created.
This fact, which was discovered by modern physics only in the 20th century, was stated in the Qur’an 14 centuries ago:
“He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth” (Surat al-An’am: 101)
The Big Bang theory showed that in the beginning all the objects in the universe were of one piece and then were parted..
This fact, which was revealed by the Big Bang theory was again stated in the Qur’an 14 centuries ago, when people had a very limited knowledge about the universe:
“Do unbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were sewn together, and then We unstitched them...” (Surat al-Anbiya, 30)
This is meant that the entire matter was created with a Big Bang out of a single point, and shaped the present universe by being parted from each other.
The expansion of the universe is one of the most important pieces of evidence that the universe was created out of nothing.
Although this fact was not discovered by science until the 20th century,
Allah has informed us of this reality in the Qur’an revealed 1,400 years ago:
It is We who have built the universe with (Our creative) power, and, verily, it is We who are steadily expanding it. (Surat adh-Dhariyat, 47)
The Big Bang was an evident indication that the universe was ‘created from nothing’, in other words, that it was created by Allah.
For this reason, astronomers committed to the materialist philosophy continued to resist the Big Bang and uphold the idea of the infinite universe.
The reason for this effort was revealed in the words of Arthur Eddington, one of the foremost materialist physicists that
‘Philosophically, the notion of an abrupt beginning to the present order of Nature is repugnant to me.’
Another materialist, the prominent English astronomer Sir Fred Hoyle was one of foremost who were disturbed by the Big Bang theory. In the middle of the century, Hoyle championed a theory called the steady-state which was similar to the ‘constant universe’ approach of the 19th century. The steady-state theory argued that the universe was both infinite in size and eternal in duration.
With the sole visible aim of supporting the materialist philosophy, this theory was totally at variance with the ‘Big Bang’ theory, which held that the universe had a beginning.
Those who defended the steady-state theory opposed the Big Bang for a long time. Science, however, was working against them.
In 1948, George Gamov came up with another idea concerning the Big Bang. He stated that after the formation of the universe by a big explosion, a radiation surplus should have existed in the universe left over from this explosion.
Moreover, this radiation ought to be uniformly diffused across the universe.
This evidence which ‘ought to have existed’ was soon to be found. In 1965, two researchers by the name of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered these waves by chance.
This radiation, called the ‘cosmic background radiation’, did not seem to radiate from a particular source but rather pervaded the whole of space.
Thus it was understood that this radiation was was left over from the initial stages of the Big Bang. Penzias and Wilson were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery.
In 1989, NASA sent the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite into space to do research on cosmic background radiation.
It took only eight minutes for COBE to verify Penzias and Wilson's calculations. The COBE had found the remains of the big explosion that had taken place at the outset of the universe.
Defined as the greatest astronomic discovery of all times, this finding explicitly proved the Big Bang theory.
Another important piece of evidence for the Big Bang was the amount of hydrogen and helium in space. In the researches, it was understood that the hydrogen-helium concentration in the universe complied with the theoretical calculations of the hydrogen-helium concentration remaining from the Big Bang.
If the universe had no beginning and if it had existed since eternity, its hydrogen constituent should have already been completely consumed and converted to helium.
All of this compelling evidence caused the Big Bang theory to be embraced by the scientific community. The Big Bang model was the latest point reached by science concerning the origin of the universe.
The Big Bang took place with the explosion of the point which contained all the matter and energy of the universe and its dispersion into space in all directions with a terrifying speed.
Out of this matter and energy, there came about a great balance containing galaxies, stars, the sun, the earth and all other heavenly bodies.
Moreover, laws were formed called the ‘laws of physics’, which are uniform throughout the whole universe and do not change.
The laws of physics that emerged together with the Big Bang did not change at all over a period of 15 billion years.
Furthermore, these laws stand on calculations so scrupulous that even a millimetre’s variation from their current values could result in the destruction of the whole structure and configuration of the universe.
All these indicate that a perfect order arose after the Big Bang.
Explosions, however, do not bring about order. All of the observable explosions tend to harm, disintegrate, and destroy what is present.
If we were to be introduced to a very detailed order after an explosion we then might conclude that there was a ‘intelligent intervention behind this explosion and that all the pieces dispersed by the explosion had been made to move in a very controlled way.
The quote from Sir Fred Hoyle, who finally had to accept the theory after many years of opposition to the Big Bang Theory, expresses this situation very well:
The big bang theory holds that the universe began with a single explosion. Yet as can be seen, an explosion merely throws matter apart, while the big bang has mysteriously produced the opposite effect - with matter clumping together in the form of galaxies.
No doubt, if a great order arose with an explosion, then it should be accepted that the intervention of a Creator is involved in every moment of this explosion.
Another aspect of this extraordinary order formed in the universe following the Big Bang is the creation of a ‘habitable universe’. The conditions for the formation of a habitable planet are so many and so complex that it is impossible to think that this formation is coincidental.
Paul Davies, a renowned professor of theoretical physics, stated, at the end of the calculations he made on the expansion rate of the universe, that this rate is inconceivably delicate. Davis says:
Careful measurement puts the rate of expansion very close to a critical value at which the universe will just escape its own gravity and expand forever.
A little slower and the cosmos would collapse, a little faster and the cosmic material would have long ago completely dispersed. The big bang was not, evidently, any old bang, but an explosion of exquisitely arranged magnitude.( Superforce, 1984, p.184)
The famous physicist Prof. Stephen Hawking states in his book A Brief History of Time, that the universe is set on calculations and balances more finely tuned than we can conceive. Hawking states with reference to the rate of expansion of the universe:
If the rate of expansion one second after the big bang had been smaller by even one part in a hundred thousand million million, the universe would have recollapsed before it ever reached its present size." Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time, 1988, s.121)
In relation to the same fact, an American professor of Astronomy, George Greenstein, writes in his book The Symbiotic Universe:
As we survey all the evidence, the thought insistently arises that some supernatural agency must be involved. (Hugh Ross. The Creator and the Cosmos. Colorado Springs, CO: Nav-Press, 1993, pp. 114-15)
With the Big Bang’s victory, the myth of ‘eternal matter’ that constituted the basis of the materialist philosophy is thrown into the trash-heap of history.
What, then, was before the Big Bang and what was the power that brought the universe into ‘being’ with this big explosion when it was ‘non-existent’?
This question certainly implies, in Arthur Eddington’s words, the ‘philosophically repugnant’ fact for the materialists, that is, the existence of a Creator.
The renowned atheist philosopher Antony Flew comments on the issue:
Notoriously, confession is good for the soul. I will therefore begin by confessing that the Stratonician atheist has to be embarrassed by the contemporary cosmological consensus. For it seems that the cosmologists are providing a scientific proof, that the universe had a beginning.” ( Henry Margenau and Roy Abraham Varghese, eds., Cosmos, Bios, Theos, La Salle, IL: Open Court Publishing, 1992, p. 241)
Many scientists who do not blindly condition themselves to be atheists have admitted the role of an almighty Creator in the creation of the universe.
This Creator must be a being Who has created both matter and time, yet Who is independent of both.
Well-known astrophysicist Hugh Ross has this to say:
If time’s beginning is concurrent with the beginning of the universe, as the space-theorem says, then the cause of the universe must be some entity operating in a time dimension completely independent of and preexistent to the time dimension of the cosmos. (Hugh Ross, Ph.D., The Creator and the Cosmos, Navpress, 1995, p. 76)
This conclusion tells us that God is not the universe itself, nor is God contained within the universe.
Yes, matter and time are created by the almighty Creator Who is independent of all these notions.
This Creator is Allah, Who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth.
Briefly, when we examine the glorious system in the universe, we see that the existence of the universe and its workings rest on extremely delicate balances and an order too complex to be explained away by coincidental causes.
As is evident, it is by no means possible for this delicate balance and order to have been formed on its own and by coincidence after a great explosion.
The formation of such an order following an explosion such as the Big Bang is a clear evidence of a supernatural creation.
This matchless plan and order in the universe certainly proves the existence of a Creator with infinite knowledge, might and wisdom, Who has created matter from nothing and Who controls and manages it incessantly. This Creator is Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.
Friday, November 02, 2007
The Mahdi Will Oppose Terror and Violence
HARUN YAHYA
In his hadiths the Prophet (saas) told us that the Mahdi will be opposed to terror and violence, and that the anarchic environment and all acts of terror will come to an end in his day.
The hadiths state that in the time of the Mahdi all weapons will fall silent and wars will come to an end:
War will lay down its burden (arms and the like). (Sunan Ibn Majah, 10/334; Imam Sharani)
No Blood Will Be Shed in the Time of the Mahdi
Again according to the hadiths, the Mahdi will bring justice to the whole world, but not one single drop of blood will be shed. The Mahdi will be opposed to terror and violence. War and conflict will come to an end. Yet the Mahdi will follow a very peaceful path as he does all this. This attribute of the Mahdi is set out as follows in the hadith:
In the same way that bees gather round the queen, so people will gather round the Mahdi. He will fill the world, once filled with oppression, with justice instead. Such will be his justice that the sleeping man will not be awakened and no blood will be shed. The world will return to the Age of Happiness. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, pp. 29 and 48)
The Mahdi’s Intellectual Activities and Struggle Will Make Islamic Moral Values Victorious
The hadiths tell us that, just like the Prophet (saas), the Mahdi will treat people with love and compassion, resolve problems by peaceful means, and call on people to have moral virtue and faith. The Mahdi’s struggle against atheistic ideologies (philosophies that deny Allah) will be carried out in the realm of ideas, and he will defeat those heretical ideologies using the wisest and most rational of methods.
Peace and Security Will Reign in the Time of the Mahdi
Nobody’s nose will bleed, nobody will suffer harm and nobody will be awoken from sleep in the time of the Mahdi. This is also one of the clearest proofs that the Mahdi will wage his struggle on the intellectual plane. He will neutralize atheistic movements (philosophies that deny Allah) by means of his intellectual work, and will thus ensure the supremacy of Islamic moral values. The hadiths tell us that the Mahdi’s struggle will be a peaceful one:
The Mahdi… will walk in peace. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 173)
By means of him (the Mahdi), Allah will put an end to blind strife. Security and peace will reign in the world... (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 164)
The Mahdi will follow in the path of the Prophet, he will not awaken the sleeping man and no blood will be spilt. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 163)
In his time, neither a man will be awoken from sleep, nor will a person’s nose bleed. (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 44)
In a climate of violence and terror it is impossible for a sleeping person not to be awakened. But according to the sayings of the Prophet (saas), the Mahdi bring about the supremacy of Islamic moral values in such a calm, intellectual and cultural environment that it “will not even awaken the sleeping man.” Indeed, people can only attain understanding, reflect and research, in an atmosphere of peace. The Prophet (saas) received revelation when he was meditating in the very calm atmosphere of Mount Hira. The way that people withdraw to the calm of mosques and other places shows how they need peace in order to be able to think deeply.
The importance of calm is also stressed in the Qur’an. This atmosphere of calm that the Mahdi will establish in the End Times will prepare the way for people to read and think, to be able to see the truth, and to believe.
The Mahdi Will Emerge from Istanbul and Spiritually Conquer the City
In the hadiths the Prophet (saas) told that the Mahdi would emerge from Istanbul.
Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin:
The Prophet (saas) said: “… a man of the people of Medina [the Mahdi] will come to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. … (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, Number 4273)
Ahmad recorded a hadith by Allah ibn 'Amr, who said: "… The Prophet (saas) said, 'Six things will happen to this Ummah: … The sixth is the conquest of a city.' I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, which city?' He said, 'Constantinople.'"
(*) This is the conquest of Constantinople by the Mahdi. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 204; Ramuz al-Ahadith, 296)
The Mahdi Will Seize Istanbul with Tasbih and Takbir (by remembering Allah and telling of His truth)
We are told in the hadiths that the Mahdi’s conquest of Istanbul will be a spiritual one. The Mahdi will use no violence as he makes the Islamic morality prevail in Istanbul and the rest of the world, and will achieve this solely through the remembrance of Allah and praise of His names. The way that the Mahdi will be victorious solely with takbir and tasbih is described as follows in the hadiths:
The Hour will not come until Almighty Allah ensures the conquest of Istanbul, the center of the Roman Empire, by His believing servants with tasbih and takbir. (Ramuz al-Ahadith, p. 478)
The Hour will not come until Almighty Allah ensures the conquest of Constantinople and the Roman (lands) for believers through tasbih and takbir. (Daylami, al-Firdaws, 5/82, no: 7524; at-Tabarani, al-Mu`jam al-Kabir, 17/15,21)
They will conquer Constantinople with Tasbih and Takbir (saying "Subhan Allah" and "Allahu Akbar"), and they will obtain booty the like of which has never been seen… (Ibn Majah)
As reported from Amr ibn Awf;
Allah will better him [forgive him, or give him success and the inspiration of wisdom and guidance] in a night. He will capture the Roman city [Istanbul] with takbir… (Muhyiddin ibn al-Arabi, al-Futuhat al- Makkiya, section 366, Vol. 3, pp. 327- 328)
The Mahdi Will Move Step by Step and Nullify Atheistic Systems One by One
It is revealed in the hadiths of the Prophet (saas) that first one of the city’s towers and then another will collapse during the Mahdi’s conquest of Istanbul. It can be seen from this that the Mahdi will tear down the bastions of the unbelievers one by one and will move in stages. The term “he will capture the city without using arms and weapons,” which appears in the hadiths also shows that the Mahdi’s gradual struggle will take place in the intellectual and cultural realm, by calling on the names of Allah:
... They will only capture the Roman city, Istanbul, through the takbir. With the first takbir one-third of the ramparts will collapse, and another third at the second takbir, and the remaining walls will collapse with the third. They will capture the city without using arms and weapons. This is the truth itself, which is akin to success. (Muhyiddin ibn al-Arabi, al-Futuhat al-Makkiya, section 366, Vol. 3, pp. 327- 328)
Iqdud Durar says: "Constantinople has seven ramparts. Each is twenty-one Turkish yards long, and has a hundred gates. The last rampart around the city is 10 Turkish yards wide. It was built on the inlet that flows into the Roman sea. The sea extends to the provinces of the Romans and to Andalusia.”
The Mahdi will plant a standard by the shore when he goes to make ablution for the morning prayer, and the water will move away. He will approach people through this path that opens and cry, “Now you, too, cross. Almighty Allah has parted the waters for you, just as He did for the Children of Israel.” And they will cross. They will utter the takbir and the shocks this time will be more intense. With the third takbir, the twelve towers will collapse. From there they will enter directly into the city... (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 181)
During the conquest of Constantinople the Mahdi will plant a standard when he goes to make ablution for the morning prayer, and the water will divide in two and withdraw from him. He will cross to the other side through this path that opens and say, “O people, learn from this. The sea has parted its waters for us, just as it did for the tribe of Israel.” They will utter the takbir again and again and with twelve takbirs the twelve towers of the city will collapse. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, pp. 15-75)
In The Time of the Mahdi Social Justice and Security Will Reign over All the World
We are told in the hadiths that the age of the Mahdi will be one of peace, security and justice. “The sheep will graze with the wolf” and “children will play with snakes and scorpions but will come to no harm.” Some of the hadiths describing this climate read as follows:
... Everywhere will be safe... (Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, p. 58)
... In his day the sheep will graze with the wolf, and children will play with snakes and scorpions... (Imam al-Suyuti, Signs of Qiyamah, Death and Resurrection, p. 179, 1699)
Oppression of and Cruelty towards Women Will End in the Time of the Mahdi
... He will fill the world with security and small groups of women will even be able to go on the hajj unescorted by men. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 47)
One woman will be able to go on the hajj unafraid with five women unescorted by any man. (Imam al-Suyuti, Signs of Qiyamah, Death and Resurrection, p. 179)
It appears from the hadiths that when the Mahdi appears the widespread oppression of and violence towards women will come to an end. Women in all sections of society will be able to behave freely in such a secure environment and, unlike in the present, will be able to go where they choose.
There Will Be Great Oppression and Cruelty before the Appearance of the Mahdi
Before his appearance a substantial part of society will utter groundless slanders against the Mahdi, just as they did against many Muslims, messengers and prophets in earlier times. The hadiths state that the unbelievers will even threaten to kill the Mahdi unless he abandons his struggle:
He will continue his struggle until people return to the truth. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, Ahmad ibn Hajar Makki, p. 23)
Days and nights will not come to an end until a man from the People of my House will prevail. It will not be hard for him to put and end to strife and even death (their death threats) will not stop him. (Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, Ali ibn Husamaddin al-Muttaqi, p. 12)
As the hadiths reveal, the Mahdi will respond with a superior patience and trust in Allah. He will make no concession with regard to preaching His message. Despite all the efforts of the unbelievers the Mahdi will be absolved of all these slanders and imputations. They will have no power to harm the Mahdi, and Allah will protect and raise the glory of this blessed personage.
In one hadith our Prophet (saas) indicates that all this oppression and these attacks will merely further strengthen the Mahdi:
When the believer [the Mahdi] sees the Dajjal, he will say “O people! This is the Dajjal spoken of by the Messenger of Allah.” The Dajjal will immediately issue commands regarding him and will make him lay flat on his belly and cry, “Injure him.” But that individual’s back and belly will be broadened by the blows. Then the Dajjal will seize him by his two hands and feet and cast him away. People will imagine the Dajjal has thrown him into the fire. But he will have been cast into a garden of Paradise.(Mehdilik ve Imamiye [Mahdism and Imamism], Ibrahim Suleymanoglu, p. 40)
The metaphorical term “his back and belly will be broadened by the blows” means that the more the Mahdi is attacked the more his fame and glory will spread, and the greater impact he will have. This is how Islamic scholars have also interpreted this hadith.
The hadith also tells us that the Dajjal will cast the Mahdi into a fire. As with Prophet Ibrahim (as) they will claim to burn the Mahdi in a metaphorical flame, but Allah will cool and calm the flames and the snares of the unbelievers will come to nothing.
“The Mahdi will come from the East. Even if mountains rise up before him he will cross them and find a way over them.” (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 39), says one hadith, indicating that the Mahdi will overcome all obstacles, no matter how great.
In his hadiths the Prophet (saas) told us that the Mahdi will be opposed to terror and violence, and that the anarchic environment and all acts of terror will come to an end in his day.
The hadiths state that in the time of the Mahdi all weapons will fall silent and wars will come to an end:
War will lay down its burden (arms and the like). (Sunan Ibn Majah, 10/334; Imam Sharani)
No Blood Will Be Shed in the Time of the Mahdi
Again according to the hadiths, the Mahdi will bring justice to the whole world, but not one single drop of blood will be shed. The Mahdi will be opposed to terror and violence. War and conflict will come to an end. Yet the Mahdi will follow a very peaceful path as he does all this. This attribute of the Mahdi is set out as follows in the hadith:
In the same way that bees gather round the queen, so people will gather round the Mahdi. He will fill the world, once filled with oppression, with justice instead. Such will be his justice that the sleeping man will not be awakened and no blood will be shed. The world will return to the Age of Happiness. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, pp. 29 and 48)
The Mahdi’s Intellectual Activities and Struggle Will Make Islamic Moral Values Victorious
The hadiths tell us that, just like the Prophet (saas), the Mahdi will treat people with love and compassion, resolve problems by peaceful means, and call on people to have moral virtue and faith. The Mahdi’s struggle against atheistic ideologies (philosophies that deny Allah) will be carried out in the realm of ideas, and he will defeat those heretical ideologies using the wisest and most rational of methods.
Peace and Security Will Reign in the Time of the Mahdi
Nobody’s nose will bleed, nobody will suffer harm and nobody will be awoken from sleep in the time of the Mahdi. This is also one of the clearest proofs that the Mahdi will wage his struggle on the intellectual plane. He will neutralize atheistic movements (philosophies that deny Allah) by means of his intellectual work, and will thus ensure the supremacy of Islamic moral values. The hadiths tell us that the Mahdi’s struggle will be a peaceful one:
The Mahdi… will walk in peace. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 173)
By means of him (the Mahdi), Allah will put an end to blind strife. Security and peace will reign in the world... (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 164)
The Mahdi will follow in the path of the Prophet, he will not awaken the sleeping man and no blood will be spilt. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 163)
In his time, neither a man will be awoken from sleep, nor will a person’s nose bleed. (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 44)
In a climate of violence and terror it is impossible for a sleeping person not to be awakened. But according to the sayings of the Prophet (saas), the Mahdi bring about the supremacy of Islamic moral values in such a calm, intellectual and cultural environment that it “will not even awaken the sleeping man.” Indeed, people can only attain understanding, reflect and research, in an atmosphere of peace. The Prophet (saas) received revelation when he was meditating in the very calm atmosphere of Mount Hira. The way that people withdraw to the calm of mosques and other places shows how they need peace in order to be able to think deeply.
The importance of calm is also stressed in the Qur’an. This atmosphere of calm that the Mahdi will establish in the End Times will prepare the way for people to read and think, to be able to see the truth, and to believe.
The Mahdi Will Emerge from Istanbul and Spiritually Conquer the City
In the hadiths the Prophet (saas) told that the Mahdi would emerge from Istanbul.
Narrated Umm Salamah, Ummul Mu'minin:
The Prophet (saas) said: “… a man of the people of Medina [the Mahdi] will come to Mecca. Some of the people of Mecca will come to him, bring him out against his will and swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam. … (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 36, Number 4273)
Ahmad recorded a hadith by Allah ibn 'Amr, who said: "… The Prophet (saas) said, 'Six things will happen to this Ummah: … The sixth is the conquest of a city.' I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, which city?' He said, 'Constantinople.'"
(*) This is the conquest of Constantinople by the Mahdi. (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 204; Ramuz al-Ahadith, 296)
The Mahdi Will Seize Istanbul with Tasbih and Takbir (by remembering Allah and telling of His truth)
We are told in the hadiths that the Mahdi’s conquest of Istanbul will be a spiritual one. The Mahdi will use no violence as he makes the Islamic morality prevail in Istanbul and the rest of the world, and will achieve this solely through the remembrance of Allah and praise of His names. The way that the Mahdi will be victorious solely with takbir and tasbih is described as follows in the hadiths:
The Hour will not come until Almighty Allah ensures the conquest of Istanbul, the center of the Roman Empire, by His believing servants with tasbih and takbir. (Ramuz al-Ahadith, p. 478)
The Hour will not come until Almighty Allah ensures the conquest of Constantinople and the Roman (lands) for believers through tasbih and takbir. (Daylami, al-Firdaws, 5/82, no: 7524; at-Tabarani, al-Mu`jam al-Kabir, 17/15,21)
They will conquer Constantinople with Tasbih and Takbir (saying "Subhan Allah" and "Allahu Akbar"), and they will obtain booty the like of which has never been seen… (Ibn Majah)
As reported from Amr ibn Awf;
Allah will better him [forgive him, or give him success and the inspiration of wisdom and guidance] in a night. He will capture the Roman city [Istanbul] with takbir… (Muhyiddin ibn al-Arabi, al-Futuhat al- Makkiya, section 366, Vol. 3, pp. 327- 328)
The Mahdi Will Move Step by Step and Nullify Atheistic Systems One by One
It is revealed in the hadiths of the Prophet (saas) that first one of the city’s towers and then another will collapse during the Mahdi’s conquest of Istanbul. It can be seen from this that the Mahdi will tear down the bastions of the unbelievers one by one and will move in stages. The term “he will capture the city without using arms and weapons,” which appears in the hadiths also shows that the Mahdi’s gradual struggle will take place in the intellectual and cultural realm, by calling on the names of Allah:
... They will only capture the Roman city, Istanbul, through the takbir. With the first takbir one-third of the ramparts will collapse, and another third at the second takbir, and the remaining walls will collapse with the third. They will capture the city without using arms and weapons. This is the truth itself, which is akin to success. (Muhyiddin ibn al-Arabi, al-Futuhat al-Makkiya, section 366, Vol. 3, pp. 327- 328)
Iqdud Durar says: "Constantinople has seven ramparts. Each is twenty-one Turkish yards long, and has a hundred gates. The last rampart around the city is 10 Turkish yards wide. It was built on the inlet that flows into the Roman sea. The sea extends to the provinces of the Romans and to Andalusia.”
The Mahdi will plant a standard by the shore when he goes to make ablution for the morning prayer, and the water will move away. He will approach people through this path that opens and cry, “Now you, too, cross. Almighty Allah has parted the waters for you, just as He did for the Children of Israel.” And they will cross. They will utter the takbir and the shocks this time will be more intense. With the third takbir, the twelve towers will collapse. From there they will enter directly into the city... (Signs of Qiyamah, p. 181)
During the conquest of Constantinople the Mahdi will plant a standard when he goes to make ablution for the morning prayer, and the water will divide in two and withdraw from him. He will cross to the other side through this path that opens and say, “O people, learn from this. The sea has parted its waters for us, just as it did for the tribe of Israel.” They will utter the takbir again and again and with twelve takbirs the twelve towers of the city will collapse. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, pp. 15-75)
In The Time of the Mahdi Social Justice and Security Will Reign over All the World
We are told in the hadiths that the age of the Mahdi will be one of peace, security and justice. “The sheep will graze with the wolf” and “children will play with snakes and scorpions but will come to no harm.” Some of the hadiths describing this climate read as follows:
... Everywhere will be safe... (Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, p. 58)
... In his day the sheep will graze with the wolf, and children will play with snakes and scorpions... (Imam al-Suyuti, Signs of Qiyamah, Death and Resurrection, p. 179, 1699)
Oppression of and Cruelty towards Women Will End in the Time of the Mahdi
... He will fill the world with security and small groups of women will even be able to go on the hajj unescorted by men. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 47)
One woman will be able to go on the hajj unafraid with five women unescorted by any man. (Imam al-Suyuti, Signs of Qiyamah, Death and Resurrection, p. 179)
It appears from the hadiths that when the Mahdi appears the widespread oppression of and violence towards women will come to an end. Women in all sections of society will be able to behave freely in such a secure environment and, unlike in the present, will be able to go where they choose.
There Will Be Great Oppression and Cruelty before the Appearance of the Mahdi
Before his appearance a substantial part of society will utter groundless slanders against the Mahdi, just as they did against many Muslims, messengers and prophets in earlier times. The hadiths state that the unbelievers will even threaten to kill the Mahdi unless he abandons his struggle:
He will continue his struggle until people return to the truth. (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, Ahmad ibn Hajar Makki, p. 23)
Days and nights will not come to an end until a man from the People of my House will prevail. It will not be hard for him to put and end to strife and even death (their death threats) will not stop him. (Al-Burhan fi Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir al-Zaman, Ali ibn Husamaddin al-Muttaqi, p. 12)
As the hadiths reveal, the Mahdi will respond with a superior patience and trust in Allah. He will make no concession with regard to preaching His message. Despite all the efforts of the unbelievers the Mahdi will be absolved of all these slanders and imputations. They will have no power to harm the Mahdi, and Allah will protect and raise the glory of this blessed personage.
In one hadith our Prophet (saas) indicates that all this oppression and these attacks will merely further strengthen the Mahdi:
When the believer [the Mahdi] sees the Dajjal, he will say “O people! This is the Dajjal spoken of by the Messenger of Allah.” The Dajjal will immediately issue commands regarding him and will make him lay flat on his belly and cry, “Injure him.” But that individual’s back and belly will be broadened by the blows. Then the Dajjal will seize him by his two hands and feet and cast him away. People will imagine the Dajjal has thrown him into the fire. But he will have been cast into a garden of Paradise.(Mehdilik ve Imamiye [Mahdism and Imamism], Ibrahim Suleymanoglu, p. 40)
The metaphorical term “his back and belly will be broadened by the blows” means that the more the Mahdi is attacked the more his fame and glory will spread, and the greater impact he will have. This is how Islamic scholars have also interpreted this hadith.
The hadith also tells us that the Dajjal will cast the Mahdi into a fire. As with Prophet Ibrahim (as) they will claim to burn the Mahdi in a metaphorical flame, but Allah will cool and calm the flames and the snares of the unbelievers will come to nothing.
“The Mahdi will come from the East. Even if mountains rise up before him he will cross them and find a way over them.” (al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar, p. 39), says one hadith, indicating that the Mahdi will overcome all obstacles, no matter how great.
Thursday, November 01, 2007
Europe Has Declared War on Islam and the Qur’an
Harunyahya
Following the Council of Europe’s recent decisionregarding the prohibition on the teaching of thefact of Creation in schools, a second issue to takeits place on the agenda was the European Court ofHuman Rights (ECHR) ruling on 9 October that reli-gious classes in Turkish schools were a violation of theright to education. Under this ruling, various changesneed to be made to the way religion is taught inTurkish schools and, according to the ECHR, religiousclasses should even be prevented in some way.In fact, the changes referred to here have no other aimthan to entirely do away with religious education, toturn young people away from belief in Allah (God)and to instill a materialist mindset in them. The deci-sion to ban the teaching of Creationism in schoolsunder the Council of Europe decision taken in earlyOctober has the same objective. The fact that thereport in question maintains that only the theory ofevolution should be permitted on the curriculumclearly reveals the concern that students who learnabout the fact of Creation will not grow up to be mate-rialists. This is why Creationism has been portrayed asa threat for Europe and the above decision was taken.The same state of affairs applies to the religious class-es currently provided in Turkey. Uneasy at studentslearning about Islam and turning away from the ideaof materialism, Europe has this time encouraged theending of religious instruction in schools under a vari-ety of pretexts. Europe’s endeavors are obvious; it hasdeclared war on belief in Allah and Islam.There is no doubt that the reason for all this is the rev-elation to the entire world that Darwinism, and its sup-porter materialism, are both deceptions. Darwinist andmaterialist circles have panicked in the face of HarunYahya’s Atlas of Creation, which demonstrates that lifeforms today are exactly the same as their ancestors thatlived in the past. They have realized that they will nolonger be able to propagate that deception in the waythey have for the last 150 years. The world has nowcome to see that Darwin’s theory of evolution is a ter-rible lie. Materialist philosophy, which encourages irre-ligion, is now in its death throes and in the 21st centu-ry mankind will be freed from such deceptions, Allahwilling, and return to the true purpose behind its cre-ation. Terrified and astonished by this realization,Darwinist-materialist circles are now attempting totake precautionary measures against this extraordi-nary rise. But what is done is done, and all the worldnow knows about the Darwinist deception. School stu-dents are now waging their own campaigns againstDarwinism and refusing to learn about this fraud.What Darwinist-materialist circles want is to form anirreligious society, with no traces of belief in Allah. Thefact is, however, that this irreligious society will fur-ther encourage moral degeneration, increase the war,slaughter and rebellion that accompany irreligion, andinflict disaster on all mankind. What needs to be doneis to encourage people, especially the young, to adoptreligious moral values rather than turning them awayfrom religion and encouraging materialist philosophy.The reason for the panic being experienced byEuropean Darwinist circles is crystal clear: They haverealized that Creation is the sole fact, of which thewhole world is now aware. They imagine that theywill be able to put an end to this progress by banningreligious classes and removing Creationism from thecurriculum. They are convinced they will emerge vic-torious from this war they have declared against beliefin Allah. (Surely Allah is beyond that.) They want tobelieve that Darwinism will be embraced and accept-ed, even though they are well aware that this willnever happen. Afalse religion or a lie manufactured inopposition to belief in Allah has no way of survival.Almighty Allah reveals as much in His verses: Rather We hurl the truth against falsehood and itcuts right through it and it vanishes clean away! Woewithout end for you for what you portray! (Surat al-Anbiya’, 18)He sends down water from the sky and river-bedsfill up and flow according to their size, and thefloodwater carries with it an increasing layer ofscum; a similar kind of scum comes from what youheat up in the fire, when you desire to make jewelryor other things. That is how Allah depicts the trueand the false. As for the scum, it is quickly sweptaway. But as for that which is of use to people, itremains behind in the ground. That is a metaphorwhich Allah has made. (Surat ar-Ra’d, 17)With the definitive collapse of Darwinism, the influ-ence of Darwinists is much weaker than it once was.The rise of Islamic moral values is a promise made byAllah and will, by His leave, become a reality. The por-tents of this can be seen all across the world. His truereligion has, by Allah’s will, overcome. Darwinists areno longer able to mislead people. Europe’s hostilitytowards Islam will change nothing. By Allah’s leave,as with every heretical idea that has ever opposedIslamic moral values, this latest counter-attack, too,will merely result in a further strengthening of theIslamic faith.Europe Has Declared War on Islam and the Qur’an
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